Invest Today: Destination Morocco
Automotive Industry in Morocco par Said El Mansour Cherkaoui:
GROUP RENAULT: AUTOMOBILE TECHNOLOGY AND MOROCCO
Album of Renault au Maroc
Renault Group – Renault ★ Nissan Renault in front the Walls of Fortaleza Mazagao – Mazagan – El Jadida – Morocco Continuer de lire Album of Renault au Maroc –
Location:
The country in northwest of Africa is bordered by the Strait of Gibraltar and the Mediterranean Sea in north, by Mauritania in south, by Algeria in east and in west by the Atlantic Ocean.
Political Environment:
In accordance with Article I of the 2011 Constitution, Morocco is a constitutional, democratic, parliamentary and social monarchy:
- The king is the Head of State of Morocco, the Supreme Representative of the nation, the symbol of its unity and the guarantor of the permanence and of the continuity of the State. His Majesty presents also the Supreme Arbiter between the Institutions and appoints the Head of Government from the political party with a majority of seats to act in the Chamber of Representatives.
- The parliament which is composed of two chambers (the Chamber of Representatives and the Chamber of Councillors) exercises the legislative power in the Kingdom, votes on laws, controls the activities of the Government and evaluates public policy.
- Executive power is exercised by the government
Economic Overview:
The Moroccan economy is characterized by a great openness to the outside world. Since the early 80s, Morocco has adopted an economic and financial openness policy aiming at improving the liberalization of foreign trade, largest integration of the Moroccan economy into the international economy and at strengthening of contribution to the consolidation of a multilateral trading system.
In this regard, significant advances in the modernization of economic and financial structures and upgrading of the legal and institutional frameworks have been accomplished. The aim is to permanently accelerate economic growth in Morocco and to improve living conditions of its citizens.
In this context, Morocco undertook the simplification of foreign trade procedures, a reduction in tariff protection, the elimination of non-tariff measures, the improvement of the business and investment environment, the expansion and the diversification of economic and trade relations and finally, regular contributions to consolidate the multilateral trading system. This opening is further illustrated by the signing of various free-trade agreements by the Kingdom with its main economic partners, including the European Union, the United States, and in both Arab and African countries. In addition, a set of legal texts were enacted or modified to support these reforms. These include, for example the Investment Charter, the Commercial Code, the law establishing the commercial courts, the Customs Code, the Law on free pricing and competition, the regulation of the State’s markets, and the Law on the protection of industrial and commercial property.
Moreover, the establishment of new sector policies based on comparative advantages of the Moroccan economy (Industrial acceleration Plan 2014-2020, Vision 2020 for Tourism, Vision 2015 for the Craft Industry, Rawaj Plan for Trade 2020, the Green Morocco Plan for Agriculture, Halieutis Plan for Fishing. etc) should promote, in the coming years, a sustained and sustainable growth.
In order to support these sectoral strategies and strengthen long-term growth, Morocco has initiated several strategies relating to infrastructure and logistics:
Presentation of the Subsidies, Financing Plans and Tax Benefits for Investments Realized in Morocco
With regards to the financing of investments, Morocco has subsidy funds, the Kingdom also provides financing plans and grants tax advantages. A non-exhaustive list is presented below:
- Industrial Development and Investment Fund (FDII): Companies can benefit from a subsidy for tangible and intangible investment that can be up to 30% of the investment’s amount excluding taxes;
- Morocco PME: ISTITMAR CROISSANCE program for VSEs: Support for extension and diversification projects that can reach 30% of the investment’s amount capped at 2 Mn MAD, for very small businesses having achieved or forecasted a turnover less than or equal to 10 Mn MAD.
- IMTIAZ CROISSANCE program for SMEs: support for extension and diversification projects that can be up to 20% of the investment program, capped at 10 Mn MAD, for small business which carried out or forecasted turnover does not exceed 200Mn MAD.
- Investment Promotion Fund (FPI): This fund manages the operations relating to the assumption of certain advantages by the Government granted to companies which investments respect the conditions set forth in the investment charter:
- Support for the acquisition of a land in specific areas up to 20% of the purchase cost.
- Participation in external infrastructure expenses up to a limit of 5% of the investment program’s total amount.
- Contribution to training costs up to a limit of 20% of the incurred expenses.
- Finishing, Printing, Dyeing Fund (FIT): This fund grants a 20% premium on equipment investment dedicated to upstream textile projects.
- “IDMAJ” program: This program aims to promote recruiting young graduates by granting companies offering a first professional experience the exemption from social contributions and payroll taxes.
- “TAEHIL” program: This program offers trainings to future hired employees and job seekers in order adjust their profiles to the specificities of the position to be filled and to the market’s requirements.
- “INMAA” program: This program aims to improve the industrial performance and the competitiveness of Moroccan industries by providing their teams training and support in Lean management for the implementation of Lean tools. The cost of this service can be subsidized up to 60% through the MOUSSANADA program.
- Value Added Tax (VAT) exemption5: Companies established in Morocco can benefit from the exemption or reimbursement of the VAT provided for by the Moroccan Tax Code, in the event of:
- Local acquisition of import of investment goods within the limit of 36 months starting from the beginning of the company’s activity.
- Import of the capital goods, materials and tools necessary for the completion of investment projects undertaken within the framework of an agreement concluded with the State under certain conditions.
- Existence of a VAT credit arising from the acquisition of certain investment goods that could not be absorbed by the collected tax.
- Corporate Income Tax (CIT) exemption: Industrial companies operating in activities included in the list provided for by the Government benefit from the advantages below:
- Total exemption from CIT for the first five consecutive fiscal years starting from the date the company starts operating.
- Application of a reduced tax rate of 28% to the local turnover carried out by industrial companies specialized in manufacturing or transforming tangible personal property and which tax result is less than MAD 100M (Approx EUR 9M) check current rate of exchange and new tax.
- Professional tax: Companies established in Morocco exercising a professional, industrial or commercial activity benefit from the exemption from professional tax during the first 5 years of operation7. The aforementioned exemption also applies, for the same duration, to lands, buildings of any kind, additions to buildings, new equipment and tools acquired during operation, directly or by way of leasing.
N.B: These indications are given for information purposes and do not constitute an acceptance on our part and our employees. Please conduct your own due diligence and evaluation before any decision is made regarding the data herein and your business in Morocco. To be updated according to the current publications of the Government of the Kingdom of Morocco and its regional and representative organizations.
Présentation des subventions, plans de financement et avantages fiscaux pour les investissements réalisés au Maroc
En matière de financement des investissements, le Maroc dispose de fonds de subvention, le Royaume prévoit également des plans de financement et accorde des avantages fiscaux. Une liste non exhaustive est présentée ci-dessous :
Fonds de développement industriel et d’investissement (FDII) : les entreprises peuvent bénéficier d’une subvention pour les investissements matériels et immatériels pouvant aller jusqu’à 30 % du montant hors taxes de l’investissement ;
PME marocaine : Programme ISTITMAR CROISSANCE pour les TPE : Accompagnement des projets d’extension et de diversification pouvant atteindre 30% du montant de l’investissement plafonné à 2 Mn MAD, pour les TPE ayant réalisé ou prévu un chiffre d’affaires inférieur ou égal à 10 Mn MAD.
Programme IMTIAZ CROISSANCE pour les PME : soutien aux projets d’extension et de diversification pouvant aller jusqu’à 20% du programme d’investissement, plafonné à 10 Mn MAD, pour les petites entreprises dont le chiffre d’affaires réalisé ou prévisionnel n’excède pas 200 Mn MAD.
Fonds de Promotion des Investissements (FPI) : Ce fonds gère les opérations relatives à la prise en charge par l’Etat de certains avantages accordés aux entreprises dont les investissements respectent les conditions fixées dans la charte des investissements :
- Soutien à l’acquisition d’un terrain dans des zones spécifiques jusqu’à 20% du coût d’achat.
- Participation aux dépenses externes d’infrastructure dans la limite de 5% du montant total du programme d’investissement.
- Participation aux frais de formation dans la limite de 20% des dépenses engagées.
Fonds de finition, d’impression et de teinture (FIT) : Ce fonds accorde une prime de 20 % sur les investissements en équipements dédiés aux projets textiles en amont.
Programme « IDMAJ » : Ce programme vise à favoriser le recrutement de jeunes diplômés en accordant aux entreprises offrant une première expérience professionnelle l’exonération de cotisations sociales et de charges sociales.
Programme “TAEHIL”: Ce programme propose des formations aux futurs embauchés et demandeurs d’emploi afin d’ajuster leurs profils aux spécificités du poste à pourvoir et aux exigences du marché.
Programme « INMAA » : Ce programme vise à améliorer la performance industrielle et la compétitivité des industries marocaines en assurant à leurs équipes une formation et un accompagnement au Lean management pour la mise en place des outils Lean. Le coût de ce service peut être subventionné jusqu’à 60% par le programme MOUSSINADA.
Exonération de la Taxe sur la Valeur Ajoutée (TVA)5 : les entreprises établies au Maroc peuvent bénéficier de l’exonération ou du remboursement de la TVA prévu par le Code Général des Impôts marocain, en cas de :
- Acquisition locale d’importation de biens d’investissement dans la limite de 36 mois à compter du début de l’activité de l’entreprise.
- Importation des biens d’équipement, matériels et outillages nécessaires à la réalisation des projets d’investissement entrepris dans le cadre d’une convention conclue avec l’Etat sous certaines conditions.
- Existence d’un crédit de TVA résultant de l’acquisition de certains biens d’investissement qui n’a pu être absorbé par la taxe collectée.
Exonération de l’Impôt sur les Sociétés (IS) : les entreprises industrielles exerçant des activités figurant dans la liste prévue par le Gouvernement bénéficient des avantages ci-dessous :
- Exonération totale de l’IS pour les cinq premiers exercices consécutifs à compter de la date d’entrée en activité de l’entreprise.
- Application d’un taux d’imposition réduit de 28% au chiffre d’affaires local réalisé par les entreprises industrielles spécialisées dans la fabrication ou la transformation de biens meubles corporels et dont le résultat fiscal est inférieur à 100 M MAD (Environ 9 M EUR) vérifier taux de change en vigueur et nouvel impôt.
Taxe professionnelle : Les entreprises établies au Maroc exerçant une activité professionnelle, industrielle ou commerciale bénéficient de l’exonération de la taxe professionnelle pendant les 5 premières années d’exploitation7. L’exonération précitée s’applique également, pour la même durée, aux terrains, constructions de toute nature, adjonctions aux constructions, équipements et outillages neufs acquis en cours d’exploitation, directement ou en crédit-bail.
N.B : Ces indications sont données a titre informatif et ne constitue nullement une acceptation de notre part et de nos employé/es. Veuillez conduire votre propre diligence et évaluation avant toute decision prise en ce qui concerne les données ici présente et vos affaires au Maroc. A mettre à jour selon les publications en cours du Gouvernement du Royaume du Maroc et ses organisations régionales et représentatives.
Moreover, the EU has granted Morocco an “advanced status” which gives it the possibility to further integrate into the European Single Market and to participate to some inter-European cooperation programs reserved for members only, thanks to the privileged relations between Morocco and the EU, and given the progress realized in the political, economic and social fields, as well as the many reforms undertaken by the Kingdom.
Finally, the process of economic openness and integration into the global economy is consolidated through the conclusion of free-trade treaties with the United States, the European Union, EFTA, Turkey, member States of the Arab League as part of the Greater Arab Free Trade Area, and the Mediterranean Arab countries as part of Agadir Agreement.
On the continental level, the reinforcing cooperation with African countries has gained new impetus during the reign of His Majesty King Mohammed VI. This new vision of openness has materialized through the conclusion, since the early 2000s, of more than 1000 cooperation agreements with more than 40 countries and by the upward trend in the country’s direct investments in sub-Saharan Africa, which have reached $ 3 billion in the past 10 years, placing our country as the 2nd African investor and the 1st investor in West Africa.
In this context, Morocco has the ambition to position itself as an essential export platform for investors wishing to target dynamic markets with high growth potential in Africa. As such, Casablanca Finance City (CFC) offers international investors a platform strongly connected with Africa and privileged access to investment opportunities through, among others, the Africa 50 Fund which aims to meet development needs infrastructure in Africa.
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Publications par Said El Mansour Cherkaoui
Marrakech Investor Day : le pôle régional de l’investissement au service de l’économie» Publié par Said El Mansour Cherkaoui 26
Marrakech Investor Day : le pôle régional de l’investissement au service de l’économie – 7 avril 2022 Marrakech – La première édition du « Marrakech Investor Day » (Journée des Investisseurs) a été organisée hier, mercredi, au Musée Mohammed VI de la Civilisation de l’Eau au Maroc (AMAN), à l’initiative du Centre Régional d’Investissement Lire la suite « Marrakech Investor Day : le pôle régional de l’investissement au service d
Le Nouveau Défi du Maroc: La Conciliation de la Croissance Economique, la Régionalisation et la Globalisation
Déjà j’écrivais et j’exprimais toute cette analyse et cela a la date du 14 Novembre, 2014 et personne n’écoutes la voix de la vérité comme par hasard. Aujourd’hui, le 19 Avril 2022, plus que huit ans après on est pire qu’a cette date du 14 Novembre 2014. En fait dans cet écrit comme dans d’autres Lire la suite « Le Nouveau Défi du Maroc: La Conciliation de la Croissance Economique, la Régionalisation et la Globalisation. » Publié par Said El Mansour Cherkaoui
Bridge to Europe, Gateway to Africa, the Door to the Mediterranean Portal
Window to the Atlantic.
To find out more on Morocco
Initially, there was the Emergence Plan, initiated following a study by the McKinsey firm commissioned during Salaheddine Mezouar’s mandate in the Industry Portfolio (2004-2007).
Ahmed Réda Chami, tried to give substance to a National Pact of Industrial Emergence, a strategy focused on sectors in which Morocco is competitive through its cheap labor. Then came the Industrial Acceleration Plan (IAP), launched with great fanfare in 2014 by Moulay Hafid Elalamy, a few months after his arrival at the head of the Ministry of Industry.
Does Morocco have an economic development strategy?
Lire la suite « Articles Correspondants » publiés par Said El Mansour Cherkaoui
The Renault plant in Tangier is dedicated to the production of Lodgy and Dokker models, from stamping to assembly, including sheet metal work and painting. The project is located on 300 acres with all utilities with low cost vehicle capacity. The Logdy family vehicle, the latest addition to Dacia, the low-cost branch of the Renault group, will be manufactured in this new plant.
Intended primarily for emerging markets, it will also be marketed in Europe. This unit, taking advantage of low labor costs, could create 6,000 direct jobs and 30,000 indirect jobs in northern Morocco. Leading suppliers or subcontractors are already established in the free export zone, located opposite Spain. This unit benefits from corporate tax exemption for five years, VAT relief, training subsidies, financial aid for construction.
The automotive industry in Morocco
Renault and Tanger Med – Cluster for Automotive Deployment platform for the input range
Pont vers l’Europe, Porte vers l’Afrique, la Porte vers le Portail de la Méditerranée
Fenêtre sur l’Atlantique
Pour en savoir plus sur le Maroc
Au départ, il y a eu le Plan Emergence, initié à la suite d’une étude du cabinet McKinsey commanditée pendant le mandat de Salaheddine Mezouar au Portefeuille Industrie (2004-2007).
Ahmed Réda Chami, a tenté de donner corps à un Pacte National de l’Emergence Industrielle, une stratégie centrée sur les secteurs dans lesquels le Maroc est compétitif grâce à sa main-d’œuvre bon marché. Puis est venu le Plan d’accélération industrielle (PAI), lancé en grande pompe en 2014 par Moulay Hafid Elalamy, quelques mois après son arrivée à la tête du ministère de l’Industrie.
Le Maroc a-t-il une stratégie de développement économique ?
Lire la suite « Articles Correspondants » publiés par Said El Mansour Cherkaoui
L’usine Renault de Tanger est dédiée à la production des modèles Lodgy et Dokker, de l’emboutissage à l’assemblage en passant par la tôlerie et la peinture. Le projet est situé sur 300 hectares avec tous les services publics avec une capacité de véhicules à bas prix. Le véhicule de la famille Logdy, dernier-né de Dacia, la branche « low-cost » du groupe Renault, sera fabriqué dans cette nouvelle usine.
Destiné en priorité aux marchés émergents, il sera également commercialisé en Europe. Cette unité, profitant du faible coût de la main-d’œuvre, pourrait créer 6 000 emplois directs et 30 000 emplois indirects dans le nord du Maroc. Des fournisseurs ou sous-traitants de premier plan sont déjà implantés dans la zone franche d’exportation, située face à l’Espagne. Cette unité bénéficie d’une défiscalisation des entreprises pendant cinq ans, d’un dégrèvement de TVA, de subventions à la formation, d’aides financières à la construction.
L’industrie automobile au Maroc
Renault et Tanger Med – Cluster for Automotive Plateforme de déploiement de la gamme input
The Renault plant in Tangier is dedicated to the production of Lodgy and Dokker models, from stamping to assembly to sheet metal and paint. The project is located on 300 hectares with all utilities with a capacity of low cost vehicles. The Logdy family vehicle, the latest from Dacia, the “low-cost” branch of the Renault group, will be manufactured in this new factory.
Intended primarily for emerging markets, it will also be marketed in Europe. This unit, taking advantage of the low cost of labor, could create 6,000 direct and 30,000 indirect jobs in northern Morocco. Leading suppliers or subcontractors are already established in the export processing zone, located opposite Spain. This unit benefits from a tax exemption for companies for five years, VAT relief, training subsidies, financial aid for construction.
Automobile Industry in Morocco
Renault and Tangier Med – Cluster for Automotive Platform for deployment of the input range
Morocco and the Globaloganization of Renault
🌎 Said El Mansour Cherkaoui, Ph.D. 🌍 has 79 articles published in LinkedIn Initially Published on December 19, 2015 – Edit article – View stats Selected as Top of 4 Articles and published in 2010 by the Global Edge Review at the Michigan State University – International Business Center Business College Complex ♦ gBR Article 04-03, and Said El Mansour Cherkaoui Copyright © 2010. Executive … Continuer de lire Morocco and the Globaloganization of Renault
Development of the Car Industry in Morocco: Regional Strategy and Globalization of Renault
published by Said El Mansour Cherkaoui May 22, 2020 Introductory Note: 2017 Progress Report – Industrial Acceleration Plan 2014 – 2020 Ministry of Industry, Investment, Trade and Digital Economy – March 2018 The Industrial Plan should be carried out in 2020: What about it? The compilation of my notes published in the form of an article with several sections consists of an analysis of the … Continuer de lireDevelopment of the Car Industry in Morocco: Regional Strategy and Globalization of Renault
According to various sources, the cost structure of this project is € 1.1 billion committed in two tranches, of which equity capital, equity and current accounts amount to € 240 million, divided by 51% and 51% respectively. 49% between Renault-Nissan (France) and Caisse de Dépôt et de Gestion (CDG – Morocco). Renault’s financial contribution is therefore 122.4 million euros, while 117.6 million euros come from CDG, contributing 11.12% of the total amount of 1.1 billion euros. euros, while for Renault, the essential remains its contribution in technology and know-how. The Hassan II fund is one of the largest contributors to this project with an investment of 200 million euros in the form of a loan at a subsidized interest rate to Renault. Three other Moroccan banks Attijariwafa Bank, the Banque Populaire Group and the BMCE, provided funding of 105 million euros, with equal participation in the project aspect in infrastructure equipment and civil engineering.
These banks also finance the other subcontractor facilities which are formed by about 80 companies in order to supply spare parts for the production of cars by Renault as well as for the export to other Renault sites in Europe and Europe. elsewhere. In the structuring of this financing, the Moroccan State commits itself through a direct contribution of 95 million euros, (more than a billion dirhams), on the total amount of the first tranche of the investment. This amount was realized at the level of subsidies from the Moroccan State in the form of land developed off site of several hectares.
Among these financial interventions of the Moroccan State directly concern the infrastructural and logistic development such as the construction of railways and roads by the ONCF and the ONEP conceived for the needs of the transport of the cars intended for the export through in particular the new port of Tangier Med. This synergy is actually the responsibility of the Moroccan State which directly finances the equipment of the new facilities of storage and parking as well as the construction of port moles such as Tanger Med where all the port infrastructures are put at the disposal of the project as well as a storage space of several hectares reserved on the port to park cars waiting for export.
The second tranche is approximately 460 million euros (more than 5 billion dirhams) and was reserved through partial financing in the form of cash receipts – free cash flow and up to 40% to 60% by debt .
The interests of Renault in Morocco are mainly constituted by the desire to consolidate the control of the Moroccan automobile market and by the unique opportunities that are offered by the operation of Tangier. Renault is currently the dominant company in the Moroccan automotive market. The Dacia and Renault brands, owned and operated by Renault, represent respectively 20% and 17% of the market. Renault is already operating a plant in Casablanca and the increased production of this new plant will allow the company to maintain its market share as the Moroccan automotive industry grows.
Container bridge for exports to emerging and European markets
However, this facility meets a much more important goal for Renault than simply maintaining control of the Moroccan market. The Tangier industrial zone offers a number of significant advantages for industrial operations.
First and foremost, the Renault plant is located near the port of Tangier Med, allowing for easy and efficient shipment of goods. This port is located in a key geostrategic location at the intersection of Africa and Europe.
Renault plans to exploit the location of this port, as it will be shipped to Europe, Turkey, Africa and South America from Tangier. In addition, the port has developed a number of logistics and post-processing services dedicated to the automotive industry, which add greater value to Renault’s operations in Tangier.
In 2010, Renault employed 1,800 people in Morocco and assembly facilities accounted for 1.4 per cent of the Group’s total, whose production in 2007 was 28,764 vehicles, or 1 per cent of the Renault Group’s total.
Renault production started in Morocco in 2012 produced 229,000 cars in 2015. The initial annual production capacity of 170,000 models has increased significantly to 229,000 cars in 2015 and currently reach 400,000 vehicles per year.
“Today, we are reaching the full potential of this plant, which has a production capacity of 400,000 vehicles a year and has become one of the most efficient in the world,” said Carlos Ghosn.
Tangier, Morocco: 2015
Tangier as an industrial location for Renault has also helped structure the network of suppliers supplying the Renault plant and also for export to Europe and elsewhere. The Renault plant served as a magnet for these peripheral automotive parts suppliers, not only in northern Morocco, but also near and just north of Casablanca, in Kenitra, where PSA Peugeot Citroën is currently building a plant to be completed. 2019. Peugeot is planning an initial production capacity of 90,000 cars per year and 200,000 in 2022. Peugeot vehicles will mainly be destined for African markets.
During the 6th edition of Viva Technology, one of the most important technological meetings in Europe, subsidaries of the ABA Technology group; NEXTRONIC a #technological key player covering the entire #Iot value chain and Icity, launching the first Euro-Mediterranean #Iot platform for the management of #smart and #sustainable cities, are currently presenting their latest innovative #Iot solutions at the service of the acceleration of #transformation and #industry40.
During the #M24TV interview; Mr MOHAMED BENOUDA, President of ABA Technology said:
“We are a company located in Morocco, Spain, France and China, and we are the only company in this exhibition to provide full services in the field of the Internet of Things, whether it comes down to electronic manufacturing, software, hardware or integration.”
Mr Othman El Ferdaous, Vice President of ABA Technology said:
“We’re here to represent moroccan technology, so that people acknowledge the fact that we can come up with world class quality products. Thanks to the current national export strategies, companies are encouraged to assess international markets and make exporting a part of their overall business strategy.”
From the Economy to the Culture and the Youth to the Modular and Platform for Urban Management and City Quality Control Services
Min Kouli Fanine Tarab : Excellent your Excellency Si Othman El Ferdaous
Tbarka Allah Alike Haka Kouna Rijal Maghariba Hrar wa Fenana Fi Kouli Makane
Industrial Morocco: Strategy and Development
Oct 6, 2020 Presentation by Mr. Othman Ferdaous when he was Secretary of State for Investment, assistant to the Minister of Industry, Trade and the Digital Economy.
Mr. Ferdaous discusses among others the following aspects of the Industrial Acceleration Plan in Morocco 2014-2020:
The Automotive Sector in Morocco and the Attraction of French Companies for the Assembly of cars and Chinese, batteries and other spare parts. The Industrial Strategy of Morocco and the Foreign Companies of the Automobile Industry in Tangier and Kenitra
#internetofthings #technology #moroccotech #software #hardware #integration #electronics #smartcities #sustainability #automotive #healthtech #iotsolutions #connectivity #iotdevices #hightech #VivaTech #engineeringsolutions #manufacturing #sustainability
Yassine ABOUCH Rzin Mohamed Amer BENOUDA Amine Morabet Yasmine AGZOUL Elias Ben Ouda Najwa ZOUHAIRI Reda El ganzri yassine ouarrak Amina Lebbadi Abderrahim Ouakkas Abdessamad MOU mohamed elaouni MAGHREB ARABE PRESSE AGENCE MAROCAINE DE PRESSE
